Financial Gray Zone

The U.S. is reorienting its foreign and security policy towards strategic competition with China and Russia, which includes addressing the financial gray zone where adversaries operate to weaken the U.S. without direct confrontation. Adversarial actors exploit the U.S. financial system and engage in harmful cyber activities, posing a significant threat to national security. The U.S. and its allies are beginning to recognize and compete within this financial gray zone, requiring improved integration of data and the development of defensive and offensive policy tools to counter the emerging threat.